A heart attack (also known as a myocardial infarction) occurs when the heart is deprived of oxygen, which can cause damage to the heart muscle:
- This happens when one of the arteries that supply blood to the heart becomes narrowed or blocked.
- The blockage is often caused by a related condition known as coronary artery disease, where a fatty substance known as plaque builds up on heart artery walls over time.
- This plaque can break, and a piece can form a clot that cuts off most or all of the blood supply to the heart.
- Although blockages due to cholesterol buildup is the most common cause of a heart attack, in a minority of cases there can also be other causes.